Thermal Expansion
Thermal Expansion
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in reaction to a change in temperature. Its material begins moving and become active thus assert a greater average separation. Materials which contract with increasing temperature are rare; this effect is limited in size, and only happen within limited temperature ranges. The degree of expansion separate by the change in temperature is called the material’s coefficient of thermal expansion and generally differ with temperature.
To more accurately calculate thermal expansion of a meaning an equation of state must be used, which will then predict the values of the thermal expansion at all the necessitate temperatures and pressures, along with many other state functions.
Formulas
Solids
ΔL = L0 α ΔT linear
ΔA = A0 2α ΔT superficial (areal)
ΔL = L0 3α ΔT volumetric
Liquids
ΔV = βV0ΔT
Liquids have higher expansivities than solids; β ≈ 10−3/K, 3α ≈ 10−5/K
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