Shigellosis
What is Shigellosis?
Shigellosis, Famous bacillary dysentery in its most severe manifestation, is a food borne illness caused by infection by bacteria of the genus Shigella. Shigellosis generally resolves in 5 to 7 days, but in some persons, particularly young children and the elderly, the diarrhea can be so severe that the patient involve to be hospitalized. Shigella were detect over 100 years ago by the Japanese microbiologist, Shiga, for whom the kind is named.
Shigella dysentery may also lead to a number of dangerous complications. These include:
Severe anorexia (loss of appetite)
Hypoproteinaemia (a low concentration of blood protein)
Hyponatraemia (a low concentration of blood sodium)
Dilation of the large intestine
Seizures
Anaemia
Kidney damage
Persistent diarrhoea
Weight loss and malnutrition
Treatment of Shigellosis
Treatment comprises primarily of substitute fluids and salts lost coz of diarrhea. Oral replacement is acceptable for most people, but some may involve receiving fluids intravenously. In most cases, the disease decides amongst 4 to 8 days without antibiotics. Severe infections may last 3 to 6 weeks.
Antibiotics such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, or furazolidone may be given when the somebody is very young or very old, when the disease is severe, or when there is a high risk of the infection disseminate to other people. The severity of the symptoms and the length of time the stool contains Shigella are reduced with antibiotics. Antidiarrheal drugs may prolong the infection and should not be used.
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